Neural circuits refer to complex networks of interconnected neurons within the brain that are responsible for processing and transmitting information. These circuits play a crucial role in various cognitive functions such as perception, memory, and decision-making. Studying neural circuits involves understanding how different regions of the brain communicate and collaborate to produce specific behaviors or responses. Researchers use techniques such as neuroimaging, electrophysiology, and optogenetics to map and manipulate neural circuits in order to understand their function and dysfunction in various neurological disorders. This research area is essential for advancing our knowledge of brain function and developing potential treatments for brain-related diseases.